El calentamiento y sus diferentes propuestas

Padial (2001) define el calentamiento como un conjunto de ejercicios o actividades, primero de carácter general y luego específicos, que se realizan antes de un actividad superior a la normal, con el fin de desponer las funciones orgánicas, musculares, nerviosas y psicológicas del deportista preparándolas para un rendimiento máximo. También sirve para prevenir las lesiones.

Los objetivos del calentamiento (Fernández, 2001):

• Preparar al organismo para una actividad de mayor intensidad y permitir la adaptación al nuevo esfuerzo de manera gradual. Y a su vez, una preparación mental.
• Facilitar las estimulación del sistema nervioso.
• Evitar y reducir posibles lesiones.
• Motivar a los jugadores para realizar la actividad a su máximo nivel.

• CALENTAMIENTO GIOVANNI MAURI (R MADRID):

1. Relacionarse con el balón libremente por parejas o tríos aumentando la distancia. Luego relación dinámica con el balón.
2. Movilidad articular dirigida.
3. Estiramientos estáticos más dinámicos libres.
4. Movilidad específica con cambios de dirección, pliometría, velocidad reacción, etc.
5. Hidratación 1 minuto.
6. Posesión 5 x 5. Tres series: 1 minuto y 30" descanso.
7. Rondo 4 x 1 y pases largos y cortos. Libertad para finalizar sobre el portero suplente.
8. Cohesión grupal y un par de salidas en velocidad.

• CALENTAMIENTO RAFAEL POL (FC BARCELONA):

1. Movilidad articular libre sin balón.
2. Estiramientos dinámicos.

Analytical and global exercises in grassroots football

We continue with the methodologies of training, but this time we will focus on the field players in the following paper we show a variety of analytical activities, as well as global:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6Kdn6odi3_9MTg4MEhILUYwRnM/view?usp=sharing

Basic analytical exercises for working the locking in early stages.

We continue with the training of goalkeepers in the grassroots, in the following paper we show you some exercises that can be performed in several categories:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6Kdn6odi3_9bEVjcWZ1bTdSNDQ/view?usp=sharing

Early warming in the grassroots (III)

At the grassroots there are certain variables and certain guidelines that must be taken into account, then you show them:

Variables to consider in the design of overheating in youth and junior categories

When the player is nearing the end of his period of training, professional footballer mirror hanging over your mind. Thus, like professional footballers, increase training days, the charges are sharpened, adaptation is more severe, etc. It is therefore necessary warmups varied in order to motivate the player to the main activity. Possible variables are:

1. Space and tours: width of the field along the field, circular, big and small circular geometric figures (sides mark the paths of action and rest, exercise and / or jogging), free movement obstacles, exercises stations or muscle groups, in rows, in rows, etc.

2. Number of components: You can perform the same heating for the whole team, for groups (pairs, trios), individual, etc. Or, you can perform different warm-ups for each group, couples, etc.

3. Distribution of exercises: You can use the variables of space and alternate routes previous races, gymnastics, tasks ball, use of non-specific material, free tasks, etc.

4. Material: balls may be used (more or less), alternative materials, gym equipment, etc.

5. Others: cohesion may include group games, work with other sports, including music, etc.

Prebenjamines warming. The engine story.

The motor story is presented as a play activity where the young footballer plays a character who does all what's going on in the story. Just keep in mind that this category includes players from 6-8 years. Thus the creative coach just let your imagination and create a story where different exercises to prepare the body for the main business are made.

Early warming in the grassroots (II)

We continue to analyze the principles which should govern the heating, always adapting and based on the characteristics of the players.

5. La progresión. It should increase the intensity from start to finish, beginning with an intensity of 30-40% to an intensity of 80% (Padial, 1999) .It should also progress in difficulty or complexity of the exercises or tasks. Easy to perform exercises and known by the athlete and go increasing complexity based on the mechanisms of the sporting event. That is, start by analytical exercises and finish by exercises with a more global character. This aspect would have a greater weight in higher categories (children and cadets) where we can work from eminently executive tasks of primarily an analytical methodology to perceptual tasks decisional involvement of several roles, varying the space, with different goals, varying rules, etc. a strategy of primarily global warming practice on the main part or the reality of the competition.

6. Duración. Heating should last at least 10 minutes for players to get the maximum benefit from the increased muscle temperature. The heating must be as small as possible, provided it meets its objectives, so that later allow us to work to the intensity of training or competition (modified from Padial, 1999).

7. Diversión. At this stage of formation of the player, the fun should be a guiding principle of the sport. So, we should use competitive games, motivators, punctuation, groups, etc. where young players have fun and do not put the label activity heating "roll" that is useless and must be done every day.

8. Función de aprendizaje. We must not forget the formative stage in which we find ourselves. Thus, the pedagogical aspect in this age is critical.

We must establish cooperation animation and games where we meet two objectives. For one, the psycho-physiological warming and other objective, the integration of technical and tactical content of the main part. Another referred to global learning is based on the autonomy of young player to control parameters such as intensity, order of exercises, muscles and joints involved, their own heart rate, etc. This should be another basic principle in the heating in the grassroots.

Sánchez, D. & Donoso, A. (2003).  Fundamentos de calentamiento en base al fútbol I. Objetivos y Principios. Ef revista difital Deportes , Año 9 - Nº 63  

Early warming in the grassroots (I)

In the next post we will discuss some of the principles that governed warming in the grassroots, which must adapt to the formative stage of the player. This makes some principles are established based on the characteristics of young players.

1. Individualization. In football as in many other sports there are specific positions on the field, so each player must develop capabilities based on their specific position, which makes heat needed to indicate that one or the other aspects. Thus, it is recommended to allow players a time of 4 to 5 minutes so that they can perform exercises necessary for its activity in the field.

Goalkeepers recommended take the field for 10 minutes before exercise and after that heat specifically with other peers. The goalkeeper is a different player and depending on its success variables warming must focus on one or another aspect. Thus, we individualize heating in order to achieve higher performance of each of our young players.

2. Globalization. There is evidence that it is not necessary to concentrate the training of young players in improving physical performance from an analytical point of view. Often, young players get enough physical training through exercises and global games (Bangsbo, 1997). Thus, we can observe heating models for prebenjamines, youngest and fry (see II of the article) that there are global warming tasks where the player works different muscle groups and technical and tactical contents. Moreover, the heating should focus on the willingness of all muscle groups.

3. Variety. The variety of heating can be understood in different ways. They are known and necessary changes that occur in the same physical object as a result of the session, warm up for sessions of strength, endurance, etc. (Lake, 2002). On the other hand, the variety of professional footballers warming (where most days made at least one session) causes increased motivation and approach the goal of the session.

4. Specificity. This principle should normally give in warmups we usually do during training. Importantly, it is preferable that the exercises whose coordination structure match the main training, since we still see coaches using exercises or analytical games that have little to do with football and even less with the task you intend to work in your session.

Sanchez, D. & Donoso, A. (2003). Basics of warming in football basis I. Objectives and Principles. Eph difital magazine Sports, Year 9 - Nº 63 

Documentary grassroots football

We present a documentary producer Ros Media Productions entitled " Grassroots ", which presented the scenario in which the football schools move, using the example of the UEB Santes Creus, team Catalan Football Federation, on the who have been players like FC Barcelona Sergi Roberto, Oriol Benito Villareal CF or Angel Roman of Manchester City.

In our opinion this is an excellent video which shows and analyzes the daily reality of youth football from different points of view (parents, managers, players and coaches) .

Without further ado we leave with him:

The Ajax youth academy

In this post we present a video on the ranks at Ajax Amsterdam. This document describes how to work the quarry by this club. Everything is systematized and controlled by age for all lower categories, so that training to physical and psychological development of children and adolescents adapt.

With these methods they have been trained players who have nurtured the templates of the best teams in the world. Among which we can find: Wesley Snejder, Urby Emanuelson, Rafael van der Vaart, Gregory van der Wiel, Marrten Stekeelenburg, Jam Vertonghen or Nigel de Jong and others. If we dive into the history of the club it costs Choose among the names that have been protagonists of the most successful clubs at the continental level and selections. For example, Dennis Bergkamp, ​​Edgar Davids, Marco van Basten, Ronald and Frank de Boer or Johan Cruyff (paradigm model game as a player and as a coach and signed on its tenth birthday).

One feature we like teaching their young talent is that it always tries to find the positive reinforcement, so that players dare to risk and push their limits. Otherwise, ie punish mistakes, it causes players to have more fear of failure which does not allow them to evolve so quickly.

Another that has caught our attention is the combination of sports and practicing movements such as Judo, so players have greater richness and versatility of movement.

We leave you with the video so you discover all these aspects you like and hoping that you might help.

An analysis of performance factors in football

Football is a collective sport listed as cooperation-opposition, and sports physiological way as intermittent high intensity sports or multiple sprint sports. It is defined as a mixed sport, since they combine actions of great intensity with recovery periods of varying duration for a relatively long time, where come in different proportion aerobic and anaerobic systems. For this reason, it is essential to determine performance factors to optimize the performance of a sport on the basis of the review of the information provided by the scientific literature. We conclude as main factors of performance capacity of intermittent exercise high intensity in a stable way, with incomplete recoveries, for an extended period of time and without intensity is reduced.

Aquí tenéis el enlace en donde podréis descargar un trabajo realizado durante el Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte analizando los factores del rendimiento en el fútbol por los autores del presente blog

El fútbol es un deporte colectivo catalogado como deportes de cooperación-oposición, y de manera fisiológica como deportes intermitentes de alta intensidad (DIA) o deportes de esprines múltiple. Es definido como deporte mixto, ya que combinan acciones de gran intensidad con períodos de recuperación de duración variable durante un tiempo relativamente largo, donde provienen en diferente proporción los sistemas aeróbicos y anaeróbicos. Por eso, es fundamental determinar los factores de rendimiento para optimizar el rendimiento de una modalidad deportiva en base a la revisión de los datos aportados por la literatura científica. Concluimos como principales factores de rendimiento la capacidad de realizar ejercicio intermitente de alta intensidad de forma estable, con recuperaciones incompletas, durante un período prolongado de tiempo y sin que se merme la intensidad.

Sensitive phases and technical circuit

We present here a new link to learn a little more about the sensitive phases of young players. Also talk about the technical circuit, a tool very employed in grassroots football and that can serve as great help the player improve technically.

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1x7GUJIeGlQ0U87lNv4ND9Ayc6V80UyLDvLqi_DzVNuU/edit?usp=sharing

Endurance

Here's a new link to a presentation that deals with the endurance into grassroots football. In addition we now take some both aerobic and anaerobic exercises that you can implement in your training if you are in the world of sport.

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1wnHgcfKj0eKgG3RURbhlA-7DVHOkJPg35EG3ho5bErI/edit?usp=sharing

We hope to serve you great help and until the next entry.

Speed: Career Technical

Here you have link of a presentation dealing with technique of proper career to be performed when a soccer player moves around the field of play. In addition, we present several exercises that can help to improve this technique of career and a very useful circuit to achieve the same objective.

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/11Bpdr1QmdN4yBFiQjSmqbUAeQ5oKzsmba91HU8StC60/edit?usp=sharing

We hope to serve you great help and you begin to perform these exercises and this circuit to improve your technical career.

Speed

Here you have the link of a presentation about the speed in football. In addition, in this presentation we explain that type speed should be working at each stage as well as two examples of exercises that speed works in football:

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1E0DMw2gkyJkothb79MyYzHiKttKqWCDhVgfldWUxvF4/edit?usp=sharing

We hope that you enjoy it and serve you great help. A greeting

Original

Aquí os dejamos el enlace de una presentación acerca de la velocidad en el fútbol.

Strength

Here is the link of the presentation about the strength training and exercises to be used for the physical preparation according to the age range of the players:

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1eTfPX-J7qFsFPKR4v8DDhPxpYztYvGnYCPXz0RiclIs/edit?usp=sharing

Comparative analysis: football-7 advantages and disadvantages football-11

PHYSICAL	Adapted to the motor skills of the young	Not adapted to motor abilities of the young
	-It promotes the development of speed.	-Low speed resistance development to run long sprints.
	-Promotes the implementation of c. guidance, long passes.	-Light duty execution passes and shots long distance.
	-Dimensions goals adapted to the structure of the goalkeeper.	-Low structure and insufficient power jump Porter, regarding dimensions of the goal.
TECHNIQUE	Greater number of contacts with the ball and for longer periods of time.	Few contacts with the ball.
	It favors the correct execution of the technical skills (pass, control, shots, etc...)	Long distances to overcome that contribute to an insufficient execution of the different technical skills.
TACTICAL	Great alternating attack/defense situations.	Few alternations in situations attack / defense.
	Participation of all players attack/defense.	Not all players participate attack/defense.
	Versatility in functions.	Too early specialization by "positions".
	It facilitates the supports and AIDS in the collective game.	It facilitates the agglomeration around the ball.
	It allows better observation of the game space.	Large number of players (not wide view game situations).
	Large number of actions near the goals. Less space liability.	The large distances between peers difficult collective play. Few actions fences of the goals. More space liability.
PSYCHOLOGY	Greater number of contacts with the ball and for a longer time.	-Smaller number of contact with the ball.
	-Participation all the players in the various actions of the game.	Reduced participation players: Smaller and less skilled.
	-Easier to get the goal.	Greater difficulty for gol.

                                           

Conclusions:

-The football-7, is the form of the game that best suits the young, both physical and technical characteristics.

-The football-7, is the game that best respects the stages of morphological development (altura-peso) and functional (muscular, organic, cognitive) of the young athlete.

-The football-7, is the most rewarding game, from the point of view of technical skills, thanks to the greater number of contacts and more time of possession of the ball.

-The football-7, is the game that brings greater tactical baggage, by the constant and diversified number of situations which provides, demanding more correct decision-making and demanding a permanent tactical attitude.

-The football-7 is, from the psychological point of view, the form of game that motivates more young people, more suited to morphological and functional characteristics by a greater frequency of contact with the ball and induce more likely to create situations of goal.

Coordinación

This post aims to develop the justification for why you must enter in the training session the coordination as quality essential for improving the performance of the footballer.

In football, the coordination is a capacity that defines us motor action and represents a vital quality because it has a great importance in the motor efficiency. A player with good level method for solving coordinative will have fluidity of movement to give precise response to any requirement of the game with or without a ball.

Lora Risco (1991) defines coordination as the ability to involve harmonious, economically and effectively the muscles involved in the action, in perfect conjunction with the space and time. The objectives for the improvement of coordination:

- Improve perceptions of the body and space-time.

- Develop the reaction time.

- Make progress in the control of simultaneous movements, alternative and differentiated.

- Accustom to the players to solve problems with engines and without a ball.

THE COORDINATION BETWEEN PLAYERS DEPENDS ON:

In the following video we will look at the progression that still young footballers in the F. C. Barcelona training this ability with stairs and steps and the great motor control.

Physical preparation II

For Grosser, Brugueman and Zintl, 1989 physical condition can be divided into two broad categories:

-   Capabilities with properties mostly energy, as strength and resistance and other complex qualities which are components: the strength-endurance, force-velocity and power.

 -  Capabilities with properties energy and coordinate, such as speed and flexibility. 

According to this classification, you can see the general physical condition and the specific physical condition. The model of sports initiation must be multifaceted and always bearing in mind the principle of multilateralism which the early stages are governed.

Finally, the formation of "intelligent players" is fully compatible with everything said above (Rivilla, 2005). Therefore, the most appropriate way to plan the sporting life of a player and preserve the integral development passes by a number of factors:

-  A periodization right from the beginning of the sporting life until such time as the best potential conditions to achieve maximum yields of career is required.

-  The ultimate performance of the athlete will depend on their own abilities (physical technical and psychological) and correct use of methods and means of training at each stage.

Planificación del entrenamiento

Football is a sport of cooperation/opposition (Hernandez Moreno, 1994), in which the regulation constitutes a structural element of the game to determine how the game develops (Castelo, 1998). In addition, Wein (1995) indicates that it is necessary in the process of training adapt the rules to the child (reduce the number of players, reduce dimensions and simplify the rules). All of this, with a view to simplify the tasks or problems that the player must solve, thus facilitating their learning.

On the one hand, sports training, Nicolaievitch (1998), comprises the set of tasks that ensure a good health, an education, a harmonious physical development, a technical proficiency and tactical and a high level of development of the specific qualities. These tasks also have the mission to provide a set of theoretical and methodological knowledge regards sport considered.

On the other hand, the physical trainers we have to be clear the premises to carry out a planning:

• Need to plan for the long-term.

• Ensure a healthy training.

• Respect sensitive phases of the agency. 

• Adapt loads to the degree of biological maturation.

• Start the specialization after a multilateral training addressed.

TRAINING FOR SEVERAL YEARS IN YOUNG FOOTBALL PLAYERS

How does goalkeeper must be trained?

In the following paper we show the three possible methodologies that exist in football training base:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6Kdn6odi3_9T04tblMxNXVCT2s/view?usp=sharing

Defensive tactical principles

DEFENSIVE PRINCIPLES


1 Printing: Actions performed by players of a team about their opponents when they are in possession of the ball.

MAN: Each defender marks an opponent player previously determined by the coach anywhere in the field. It is essential to neutralize the opponent.

BY AREAS: Each player has a delimited area and mark the adversary who enters it.

MIXED: The score leaves the zone assigned to pursue the adversary who went through it until the finish.

2nd Folds: backward movements made by players from the team that lost the ball in their offensive action, driving as fast as possible to areas or tasks assigned by the coach, with the primary aim of organizing his defense properly .

3rd Coverage: Be ready to help a colleague who may be overwhelmed by the adversary.

4th Swaps: When a player tries overwhelmed as quickly as possible, take the place or defensive role left by the fellow who, to his aid, goes out to meet the enemy.

5th Defensive splits: Actions that allow rational occupation not lose the field, covering or occupying fellow defensive back, as he went to take the place of fellow who helped you.

6th Permanetes Defensive aid: Those favorable solutions that are presented to the player trying to retrieve the ball from his teammates at any time and circumstance.

7th Defensive watches: Evolutions made by players on a team, when they are not in possession, their adversaries, not manifesting any labeling. (TIPS ON DEFENDERS)

8th Defensive temporiaciones: Actions done slyly slow during the game to gain advantage (tactics) team that performed. In this case the ball has the adversary.

9th Entry: Shares that makes a player to grab the ball when it is in possession of the enemy.

10th Blitz: Action to push with the shoulder (regulations) to the opponent when the latter is in possession or attempts to seize it.

11th Anticipation: physical and mental action by an ombudsman on the attacker expects to receive the ball, changing its position with respect to it and preventing it arrives.

12th Interception: Action performed by the player defending, preventing the ball thrown by the adversary reaches its destination, cutting or diverting its path.

13th Pressing: Action taken, once lost the ball, on one, several or all of the opponents in order to not leave any leeway and thus break the game originally opponent ( It serves to neutralize many offensive principles.

14yh Ocuupation Rational Pitch: The team always has a balanced organization even when the computer is in end zones. It allows the option of pressing their opponents if our attack is not effective.