Technical test of touches of the ball.

1. Material required.

-Marked terrain of 1 m diameter circle.

-1 ball.

-1 chronometer

2. Realization.

For a minute the player must:

  1st. Lift the ball (which will be located in the interior of the circle) from the ground with your feet. (Chronometer running).

  2nd. Perform 5 consecutive touches, without the ball touching the floor, with the following surfaces:

-Right foot.

-Left foot.

-Head.

-Right thigh.

-Left thigh.

The touches that don´t complete the 5 to be taken on every surface, aren’t counted.

  3rd. Once again leave it in the circle, stepping on it with one foot. (Stop the Chronometer).

-The surfaces can alternate as you want (as long as the ball has not touched the ground).

-Two attempts, posting the best will be carried out.

3. Valuation.

a) 25 points. 1 point for every touch made with surface that has achieved 5 consecutive touches: 5 points x 5 surfaces = 25 points.

b) 25 points. Granted from the beginning will subtract 0.3 points per second used to make 25 touches.

Systems of play (I)

One of the more debated aspects in grassroots football is what type of systems of play is the appropiate for these ages.

When any system of game is outlined, it is fundamental that trainers make a division of tasks to be developed. They should do it by distributing them rationally on the playing field, informing each player of the functions to be carried out within his action area, both in attack phases and in defense ones. 

During this weeks we will the systems of play which exists in grassroots football by organizing them according to their lines:

-Those of two lines (1-3-3 and 1-4-2).

-Those of three lines (1-3-1-2, 1-3-2-1, 1-2-3-1, 1-2-2-2 and 1-1-3-2).

-Those of four lines (1-1-2-1-2 and 1-1-3-1-1).

In today’s post we will begin by analyzing the play 1-3-3 System

It consists of: 1 goalkeeper, 3 defenders (right-back, left-back and centre-back) and 3 forwards (right-forward, left-forward and centre-forward).

Defenders are two full-backs, who can have or not offensive-defensive path, and a centre-back, who acts urmarked to facilitate coverages to their full-backs.

Forwards are composed of two wing-backs, clinged to the wings, who have high-speed and good finalisation of the attacks. Besides there is also a high-speed centre forward in the area who has much capacity to shoot.

Intermittent fitness test (IFT 30-15)

Is designed to more closely reproduce the demands of intermittent sports. To difference of the sound-proof, where athletes run continuously to increase the speed of every minute, this test consists of 30 seconds of operation with 15 seconds of walking. This test is intended to assess the ability to recover and repeat the activity intermittent, similar to many sports situations.

 The IFT 30-15 consists of performing careers of back and forth in 30 seconds interespaciadas with periods of recovery of 15 seconds. The initial speed is 8 km·h^{- 1} and increases by 0.5 km·h^-1 at each subsequent stage of 30 s (well trained players may begin the test with a speed of 10 or even 12 km·h^-1). Players must run back and forth between two lines separated by a distance of 40 m, at a pace determined by an audible signal. The prerecorded beep allows individuals to adjust your running speed when entering the area of 3 m located in the middle and at each end of the assessment area.

During the 15 s of passive recovery period, players step forward, towards the closest line (either towards the middle line or lines from the ends of the area of assessment, depending on the place in which the race has finished). In this line, the next stage will begin. Tell the players that they must complete the most number of stages, and the test ends when the players cannot maintain the required stroke rate or can not reach the area of 3 m together with the audible signal on three consecutive occasions.

Reducción de toques en cada zona

Number players: 16 – 22.

Dimensions: Field football 8.

Aim: To adapt to the real situations of competition, improve the tactics, training decision making and improve attention and concentration.

Impact: Speed in the game, pressure, depth, orientation changes, pass, controls and rational occupation of space.

Duration: 20 minutes.

Development: Field will be divided into three areas: area home, area of creation and end zone. The starting zone will belong to the space of the defenses; the zone of creation will be for players in midfield and completion for the front area. You play a match eight against eight or eleven against eleven. You play a match where players will have curfews limited depending on the zone in which they participate in the game:

• 3 hints if the player is in the area that suits you.
• 2 hints if the player is in another area.
  

What you should know and do coach

FOOTBALL PLAYERS UP TO 10-12 YEARS

CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN	WHAT SHOULD THE COACH DO?
1. the potential of children and girls up to age 10, is more similar than different.	1 leave the children and girls train and compete together, since both benefit from it.
2. children of this evolutionary phase are highly motivated and enthusiastic, and they love to be active all the time.	2 maintaining motivation through a variety of exercises and games. Avoid queues and exercises in which the child is static long. Listen to what they say children during practices.
3. they are usually self-centered and likes to have the ball the maximum time possible. Worry about yourself to others.	3 have enough balls and organize competitions, to take advantage of his egocentric behavior. Propose fair play.
4. still lack a good technique and a good level of coordinative ability. Frequently, they do not understand their task both in attack and in defence.	4 allow so much time to learning the techniques to understand what to do and when.
5 everybody loves scoring goals. You have skills in shot on goal motivates them and gives them confidence.	5 you must practice frequently games simplified 2 x 2 and 3 x 3, as well as mini soccer to all children often touch the ball and mark goals.
6. your attention span is very limited, they are not trained to assimilate much information.	6 Insert multipurpose or multilateral soccer practice games. Not to mention much, is better to show.
7. only are beginning to learn r, how to cooperate with others (team play).	7. Select games in which cooperation is indispensable to win (mini soccer).
8. they have no very clear the ideal model of game or a technical gesture.	8 demonstrate repeatedly how to do so and present models appropriate for their age.
9. they are very sensitive to criticism.	9 it must always be positive, praising the effort and the progress of the children.
10 they are very tolerant to changes in temperature.	10. make their dress is adequate and that there is enough time to regain lost fluid.

COMPARISON BETWEEN YOUNG SOCCER AND ADULT SOCCER

GRASSROOTS FOOTBALL	ADULT SOCCER
Objective: Training of young footballers	Objective: Performance (result)
It is a recreational and sport activity	It is a sport
It is through teaching sessions	It is through the training sessions
With the presence of an educator	Directed with the presence of a trainer
It is taught through played forms, that induce to progress.	Is taught through analytical forms, they induce an increase in performance
Structures adapted to the age of the young (ball, goals, dimensions and number of players)	Unique and standardized structure

Physical preparation

Physical preparation considered to be one of the most important determining factors in the stages of formation of the athlete. It is one of the aspects to keep in mind in the development of football players. For this reason, López Bedoya, en Blázquez, 1995 considers early physical training as the process of developing the basic athletic motor skills of child. In correspondence with her psycho-biological development and during her sensitive phases.

An ideal level of physical condition will ensure all levels of development:

• Enhanced learning, assimilation and  technical improvement will endorse the safety of the     player in terms of their actions and confidence.      
• Efficacy in technical solutions.
• Capacity to impose technical and tactical decisions.
• Psychological and physical exercise tolerance.

Physical activity at recreational levels is an essential element for general sports preparation, where specificity isn´t required till an advanced level of performance. The physical activity preparation in the recreational phase requires an educational approach besides the scope of the group (federated teams, recreational preparation and physical activity lesson).

Partido 4 porterías invertidas

Number players: 12 - 14 - 16-18.

Dimensions: ¼ or ½ field.

Purpose: Defend and different attack positions, move the equipment to areas far from their own goal keeping good balance, counterattack and surveillance.

Influence: Save good distances on attack moves, move the ball fast defensive movements of support in the game, folds, etc.

Duration: 20 to 30 minutes.

Development: Are placed 4 goals invested in the field and arranged according to the drawing. To play 2, 3 or free strokes but it is convenient that the goal be scored to the first touch. One of the conditions that can be added is that all players so much equipment that brand of which receives the goal, pass half-court to make the goal valid.

Partido con desdoblamientos

Number players: 12 - 14 - 16-18.

Dimensions: 30 x 40 meters up to 60 x 40 meters.

Aim: Game by the bands, situations of Center, auction and clearance, attacks and interact rupture and support.

Influence: dealing with all areas of auction, marking the consequences and the movement of support game. Players of the band must follow the game and placed as closely as possible to receive ball.

Duration: 10 to 20 minutes.

Development: Make a match between two teams of 6-7-8 players over the goalkeeper. Each team must be compulsorily placed two players in the opposite field bands. To play a game where the only goal you can get after Center. Whenever a player inside performs a pass to one of the band, you must unfold from behind, receiving the pass and focus. Are immediately exchanged positions, the band becomes player inside, and the inside player remains in the band.

Partido tres porterías

Number players: 12 - 14 - 16-18.

Dimensions: 30 x 40 meters up to 60 x 40 meters.

Aim: Game by the bands, situations of center, auction and clearance interact support, and rupture definition.

Influence: dealing with all areas of auction, definition, folding especially from defenders of the little goal post, and the movement of support game with minimum possible curfews and speed of the ball.

Duration: 15 to 20 minutes.

Development: Exercise to improve transitions attack-deffend (all lines team tactical movements both offensive and defensive, close central spaces to prevent goal). A game is played with 2 little goal post placed according to graphics and a big goal. Normally front organized according to the system to be used and the media attack the real goal defended by goalkeeper, defenders and some means organized according to system to be used. On the other hand the media and front defend 2 placed little goal post in the center of the field, which can make the defenses when they retrieved the ball and closed.

INJURY PREVENTION IN GRASSROOTS FOOTBALL

Currently in grassroots football preparation is becoming more comprehensive. Young footballers must be phisically prepared so as to hold on some harder trainings and matches. This sporting demand intails a higher incidence of injuries, that in case of grassroots football, interrupt player’s evolution.

This makes that elements such as a correct physical preparation, a complete safety equipment, as well as an appropiate nutrition and good habits are indispensable.

For a correct physical preparation, is important, among other things, training make-up work, that is to say, to work on muscle groups and other structures of the human body which are not habitually trained, and can directly have influence on preventing injuries. This can be pointed towards several directions:

1. Strengthening and flexibility of lower body muscle groups.

It is recommended to do work of force and flexibility in the mentioned musculature in order to avoid injuries, such as overloads.

It is also very important flexibility work, because it can be injuries in articulations and reductions in the back of the thigh (normally hamstrings). It will be fundamental to create stretching habits.

2. Abdominal muscles work

Strengthening of this area, which is a fundamental element in the formation of youths,  should be done by obeying several principles, such as avoiding the lumbar arch and pelvic anteversion.

3. Upper body work (Arms and chest).

This is very important regarding the goalkeeper, and outfield players in order to avoid muscular imbalances. 

4. Preventive propioception.

Ankle and knee joints should be strengthen through the practice of proprioception exercises and balances. With them, at the technical level we will also improve the performance by an increase in motor coordination of the individual.

Another important aspect to reduce the possibility of suffering an injury is the use of the protective equipment, in our case, football, shinpads.

Finally, we would like to highlight that a good nutrition and hydration are a big helpful so as to prevent injuries. 

A balanced diet, in which it is recommended to eat food from each of food groups: cereals, vegetables, fruits, diary and meal is needed. Thus avoiding the consumption of fats excessively, soft drinks, sweets and pastries in general.

It is also important that children drink liquids before a match, every 20 minutes during the match and after playing. The best is usually to drink water, but sports drinks, such as Aquarius, help replenish sodium, potassium and electrolytes lost in sweat.

Well, so far, these advices that from PreparationOfYoungFootballPlayers we can give to you in order to help in this stage there are less possible injuries. 

Later we will talk about some more concrete injuries and exercises which every player  must know to strenghen his body, avoid and recover from such injuries.

See you soon.

YoungCracks Blog. 2015. Retrieved the 20 March 2015, of: http://www.futbolbaseenestadopuro.com/las-lesiones-en-el-futbol-base-1-causas-y-prevencion/

Slideshare Linkedln Coporation. 2015. Retrieved the 20 March 2015, of: http://es.slideshare.net/hectorinef/prevencion-de-lesiones-futbol-base

PREVENCIÓN DE LESIONES EN EL FÚTBOL BASE

Actualmente, en el fútbol base la preparación es cada vez más completa; los jóvenes futbolistas deben estar preparados físicamente para aguantar unos entrenamientos y partidos más duros. Esta exigencia deportiva conlleva una incidencia más elevada de lesiones que, en el caso del fútbol base, interrumpe la evolución del jugador.

Esto hace imprescindible elementos tales como una correcta preparación física, un equipo de seguridad completo, una nutrición adecuada y unos buenos hábitos.

Para realizar una correcta preparación física, entre otras cosas es importante entrenar el trabajo compensatorio, es decir, trabajar sobre los grupos musculares y otras estructuras del cuerpo humano que no se entrenan habitualmente, y que pueden incidir de una manera directa en la prevención de lesiones, el cual lo podemos orientar hacia varias direcciones:

1. Fortalecimiento y flexibilidad de los grupos musculares del tren inferior.

Es recomendable realizar un trabajo de fuerza y flexibilidad en la musculatura mencionada para evitar lesiones, como pueden ser las sobrecargas.  

Muy importante es también el trabajo de flexibilidad, puesto que puede evitar lesiones en articulaciones y acortamientos en la parte posterior del muslo (habitualmente isquiotibiales). Será fundamental crear hábitos de estiramientos.

2. Trabajo de la musculatura abdominal

El reforzamiento de esta zona, que es un elemento fundamental en la formación de los jóvenes, se debe realizar respetando varios principios como evitar el arco lumbar y la anteversión de la pelvis.

3. Trabajo tren superior (Brazos y pecho).

Muy importante en el portero, y en los jugadores de campo para evitar desequilibrios musculares

4. Propiocepción  preventiva.

Se debe reforzar las articulaciones del tobillo y la rodilla mediante la práctica de ejercicios de propiocepción y equilibrios. Con ellos también mejoraremos el rendimiento a nivel técnico por un aumento de la coordinación motora del individuo.

Otro de los aspectos importantes para disminuir la posibilidad de sufrir una lesión es el uso del equipo de protección, en nuestro caso, el futbol, las espinilleras.

Por último, destacar que una buena nutrición e hidratación son una gran ayuda para evitar las lesiones.

Se requiere de una alimentación equilibrada, donde es recomendable consumir comida de cada uno de los grupos alimenticios: cereales, verduras, frutas, lácteos y carne.  Evitando así el consumo de grasas en exceso, bebidas gaseosas, chucherías y bollería en general.

Importante también que los niños beban líquidos antes de un partido, cada 20 minutos durante el partido y después de jugar. Usualmente lo mejor es beber agua, pero las bebidas deportivas, como puede ser el Aquarius, ayudan a reponer el sodio, potasio y electrolitos que se pierden con el sudor.

Bueno, hasta aquí, estos consejos que desde PreparationOfYoungFootballPlayers os podemos dar para ayudar a que en esta etapa se produzcan las menos lesiones posibles.

Más adelante hablaremos de algunas lesiones más concretas y de ejercicios que todo jugador debe saber para fortalecer su cuerpo, prevenir y recuperarse de dichas lesiones.

Hasta pronto.

Asociación mediante triángulos + finalización

Number players: Three by repetition.

Dimensions: ½ field.

Aim: Game with the minimum possible, speed in the game centers, and especially the end.

Impact: Partnering with triangles, Passes with speed at the first touch and perform movements before the end.

Duration: 15 to 20 minutes.

Development: This exercise is performed by two bands through the movements observed in the image. The player who starts the move makes the Center, the number two is the second pussy to finish in the first suit and the player three as he made the last pass is going to the first cone to finish in the second stick.

Ataque 6 x 6 + 1 con inicio del portero

Number players: 12 - 14 - 16-18.

Dimensions: ½ field.

Aim: Play with the minimum possible, touches speed in the game, improve the output of the ball, situations in superiority, pressure, etc.

Impact: In the best decisions, on the pass (in the face of pressure from behind) and control oriented and above all in the good beginning of creation with the Porter.

Duration: 10 to 15 minutes.

Development: Divides the space as shown in the image. Place players by position and will be a possession of ball of the offensive team and once it is achieved to give five consecutive passes, you will have to play with the goalkeeper quickly and the plants and the ends will have to be opened spaces for the goalkeeper to play in short or long looking for one of the players (having to be avoided by the defenders) you will get 1 point. If you get to keep the ball after pass from goalkeeper, there will be a 2 x 1 band, only being able to enter a defence and trying to finish in goal, to try to get another point.