Defensive tactical principles

DEFENSIVE PRINCIPLES


1 Printing: Actions performed by players of a team about their opponents when they are in possession of the ball.

MAN: Each defender marks an opponent player previously determined by the coach anywhere in the field. It is essential to neutralize the opponent.

BY AREAS: Each player has a delimited area and mark the adversary who enters it.

MIXED: The score leaves the zone assigned to pursue the adversary who went through it until the finish.

2nd Folds: backward movements made by players from the team that lost the ball in their offensive action, driving as fast as possible to areas or tasks assigned by the coach, with the primary aim of organizing his defense properly .

3rd Coverage: Be ready to help a colleague who may be overwhelmed by the adversary.

4th Swaps: When a player tries overwhelmed as quickly as possible, take the place or defensive role left by the fellow who, to his aid, goes out to meet the enemy.

5th Defensive splits: Actions that allow rational occupation not lose the field, covering or occupying fellow defensive back, as he went to take the place of fellow who helped you.

6th Permanetes Defensive aid: Those favorable solutions that are presented to the player trying to retrieve the ball from his teammates at any time and circumstance.

7th Defensive watches: Evolutions made by players on a team, when they are not in possession, their adversaries, not manifesting any labeling. (TIPS ON DEFENDERS)

8th Defensive temporiaciones: Actions done slyly slow during the game to gain advantage (tactics) team that performed. In this case the ball has the adversary.

9th Entry: Shares that makes a player to grab the ball when it is in possession of the enemy.

10th Blitz: Action to push with the shoulder (regulations) to the opponent when the latter is in possession or attempts to seize it.

11th Anticipation: physical and mental action by an ombudsman on the attacker expects to receive the ball, changing its position with respect to it and preventing it arrives.

12th Interception: Action performed by the player defending, preventing the ball thrown by the adversary reaches its destination, cutting or diverting its path.

13th Pressing: Action taken, once lost the ball, on one, several or all of the opponents in order to not leave any leeway and thus break the game originally opponent ( It serves to neutralize many offensive principles.

14yh Ocuupation Rational Pitch: The team always has a balanced organization even when the computer is in end zones. It allows the option of pressing their opponents if our attack is not effective.

Systems of play (VIII)

1-1-3-1-1- System of play

It is a system of play in four lines and the most common distribution of this system corresponds to that of: 1 goalkeeper, 1 sweeper, 3 defenders, 1 midfielder and 1 forward.

Players’ functions and movements are the following:

·         Sweeper: He must be fast in the cut and have vision of game, in addition, must make coverages to the second defensive line.

·         Full-backs: They must participate both in defensive and in ofensive (wing-backs) tasks.

·         Centre-back: He should make the coverage to the midfielder and must have travel speed of the ball towards the midfielder.

·         Midfielder: He is the one who organizes and distributes the play. He should participate both in defense and in attack. 

·         Forward: He will be asked to start the team’s first defensive action by exerting pressure on the ball and to define attacking plays as well as posible.

Systems of play (VII)

In order to finish with the analysis of the systems of play in grassroots football which we have been analysing throughout this week, we shall analyse the four lines systems of play, among which we find:

1-1-2-1-2 System of play

It consists of: the goalkeeper, 1 centre-back, 2 full-backs, 1 midfielder and 2 forwards (right-forward and left-forward), thus forming four lines.

Now we will describe players’ functions and movements in this system:

·         The goalkeeper must know how to play ahead, therefore he must be at all times concentrated and must know how to play well with feet.

·         An attentive centre-back or sweeper who cuts off well at the pass, furthermore, he is obliged to offer, support and release the ball under control. He will also play with the advantage of having very close lines ahead: that of the full-backs and the midfield.

·         Two strong and fast full-backs, as well as with good pass and good centre. Splitting should be worked in a special manner and emphasis should be placed in unexpected and personal plays.

·         A midfielder, the best intelligent player of the team, by whom pass a large number of attacking plays and he offers its support to the full-backs in defensive plays.

·         Two forwards with ability to finish plays effectively. 

Systems of play (VI)

1-3-2-1 System of play

It consists of: 1 goalkeeper, 3 defenders (Right side, left side and central), 2 midfielders (defensive and offensive) and 1 striker.

It is a game system which dominates the defensive to the offensive, where middle and defensive areas of the country are well taken. Also noteworthy is the 1-3-1-2 system with one of the game systems commonly used in the practice of grassroots football.

Advantage

·         Similar to the tactical performance of football 11 this system makes players better adapt to changing football 7 - 11 football.

·         Defensive Efficiency

·         Increased possession of the ball, as players are nearby and can be combined between them.

·         Possibility of counterattacks.

Drawbacks

·         The tip is very lonely in this system by the few aid received.

·         It requires a great tactical work

Systems of play (V)

1-2-2-2 System

It consists of: 1 goalkeeper, 2 defenders (right-back and left-back), 2 midfielders (defensive midfielder and offensive midfielder) and 2 forwards (right-forward and left-forward).

It is recommended system for very defensive teams, with availability of full-backs of long path and lack of a good midfielder capable of bringing the game together.

Advantages

·        Greater defensive strengh due to the fact that there is no spaces among teammates and lines.

·         Many possibilities of counterattack.

·         It forces the rival to shoot from far away, as spaces near the area are well occupied.

Disadvantages

·         If the team withdraws a lot, there is much distance towards the opponent’s goal.

·         It requires a great spirit of sacrifice both to defend and to attack.

Systems of play (IV)

We continue with the game systems three lines, in this post we will analyze the 1-2-3-1 system

1-2-3-1 System

It consists of: 1 goalkeeper, 2 defenders (right-defender and left-defender), 3 midfielders (central midfielder, right wing-back and left wing-back) and a centre-forward.

This system has its origin in the 1-3-2-1, by overtaking one of its defenders to the midfield line. It is a system which tends to be the previous step to football 11 in clubs that guide its game towards the 1-4-2-3-1 system of play.

Advantages

·         It is a system which allows to keep the position of the ball and to achieve the progression towards the opposing goal.

·         It allows us to pressure the opposing team up to with 4 players, which makes the team have more defensive agressiveness.

·         Due to the previous item, it enables us to recover a great number of balls in the opposing field, thus increasing the possibilities of scoring a goal.

Systems of play (III)

We have previoulsy mention systems of play of two lines, and today we are going to explain the predominant systems of play of three lines, among which we can highlight:

1-3-1-2 System

It consists of: 1 goalkeeper, 3 defenders (right-back, left-back and centre-back), 1 midfielder and 2 forwards (right-forward and left-forward).

This system of play with origin of 1-3-3 favour the counterattack and lie its fundations over a good defensive line. A new line, occupied by a midfielder capable of generationg the offensive play appears. This player must be always well positioned and must stand out for being a good passer in short and in long, In addition, it is also important that he has arrival to the area and a good shot.

It should be noted that this system is one of the most ones used in grassroots football competitions.

Advantages

·         This system permits a more rational distribution of the area, thus allowing a better players’ staggering.

·         Reduction of the distances between the playing lines.

·         Improvement of the possibilities of the game in attack and defense.

Physical circuit with technical completion

According to the distribution indicated in the graph, we perform the following actions:

A - We exceeded slightly the cone, step on the ball and out the other side with the other foot
B - Launch ball and recover after zig-zag and coordination
C - Zig-Zag-ball
D - Coordination with sticks or down stairs
E - Zig-Zag balloon
F - From cone to cone outside of each foot
G - Dodge
H - Shooting

Systems of play (II)

In this second post we will continue analyzing the different types of systems of play which predominate in grassroots football.

1-4-2- System

It consists of: 1 goalkeeper, 4 defenders and 2 midfielders.

Defenders are two full-backs, with offensive-defensive path. Those must withdraw and defend near the area, and they can also be transformed into two wing-backs in some plays so as to thus take advantage of their offensive potencial and their speed.

And two centre-backs, who act in the same way as in football 11, that is to say, they have a great sense of coverages and start the team’s game. Furthermore, they should have a good  shift of the ball, be strong in the air, as well as be forceful in punts.

Midfielders are two, one more defensive and other with more arrival to the rival area, playing both of them one next to the other.

It is a system which is often used specially against weak teams in defense or against much greater teams, in all aspects.

Advantages

·         Greater defensive strengh

·         Many possibilities of counterattack.

Technical test of touches of the ball.

1. Material required.

-Marked terrain of 1 m diameter circle.

-1 ball.

-1 chronometer

2. Realization.

For a minute the player must:

  1st. Lift the ball (which will be located in the interior of the circle) from the ground with your feet. (Chronometer running).

  2nd. Perform 5 consecutive touches, without the ball touching the floor, with the following surfaces:

-Right foot.

-Left foot.

-Head.

-Right thigh.

-Left thigh.

The touches that don´t complete the 5 to be taken on every surface, aren’t counted.

  3rd. Once again leave it in the circle, stepping on it with one foot. (Stop the Chronometer).

-The surfaces can alternate as you want (as long as the ball has not touched the ground).

-Two attempts, posting the best will be carried out.

3. Valuation.

a) 25 points. 1 point for every touch made with surface that has achieved 5 consecutive touches: 5 points x 5 surfaces = 25 points.

b) 25 points. Granted from the beginning will subtract 0.3 points per second used to make 25 touches.

Systems of play (I)

One of the more debated aspects in grassroots football is what type of systems of play is the appropiate for these ages.

When any system of game is outlined, it is fundamental that trainers make a division of tasks to be developed. They should do it by distributing them rationally on the playing field, informing each player of the functions to be carried out within his action area, both in attack phases and in defense ones. 

During this weeks we will the systems of play which exists in grassroots football by organizing them according to their lines:

-Those of two lines (1-3-3 and 1-4-2).

-Those of three lines (1-3-1-2, 1-3-2-1, 1-2-3-1, 1-2-2-2 and 1-1-3-2).

-Those of four lines (1-1-2-1-2 and 1-1-3-1-1).

In today’s post we will begin by analyzing the play 1-3-3 System

It consists of: 1 goalkeeper, 3 defenders (right-back, left-back and centre-back) and 3 forwards (right-forward, left-forward and centre-forward).

Defenders are two full-backs, who can have or not offensive-defensive path, and a centre-back, who acts urmarked to facilitate coverages to their full-backs.

Forwards are composed of two wing-backs, clinged to the wings, who have high-speed and good finalisation of the attacks. Besides there is also a high-speed centre forward in the area who has much capacity to shoot.

Intermittent fitness test (IFT 30-15)

Is designed to more closely reproduce the demands of intermittent sports. To difference of the sound-proof, where athletes run continuously to increase the speed of every minute, this test consists of 30 seconds of operation with 15 seconds of walking. This test is intended to assess the ability to recover and repeat the activity intermittent, similar to many sports situations.

 The IFT 30-15 consists of performing careers of back and forth in 30 seconds interespaciadas with periods of recovery of 15 seconds. The initial speed is 8 km·h^{- 1} and increases by 0.5 km·h^-1 at each subsequent stage of 30 s (well trained players may begin the test with a speed of 10 or even 12 km·h^-1). Players must run back and forth between two lines separated by a distance of 40 m, at a pace determined by an audible signal. The prerecorded beep allows individuals to adjust your running speed when entering the area of 3 m located in the middle and at each end of the assessment area.

During the 15 s of passive recovery period, players step forward, towards the closest line (either towards the middle line or lines from the ends of the area of assessment, depending on the place in which the race has finished). In this line, the next stage will begin. Tell the players that they must complete the most number of stages, and the test ends when the players cannot maintain the required stroke rate or can not reach the area of 3 m together with the audible signal on three consecutive occasions.

Reducción de toques en cada zona

Number players: 16 – 22.

Dimensions: Field football 8.

Aim: To adapt to the real situations of competition, improve the tactics, training decision making and improve attention and concentration.

Impact: Speed in the game, pressure, depth, orientation changes, pass, controls and rational occupation of space.

Duration: 20 minutes.

Development: Field will be divided into three areas: area home, area of creation and end zone. The starting zone will belong to the space of the defenses; the zone of creation will be for players in midfield and completion for the front area. You play a match eight against eight or eleven against eleven. You play a match where players will have curfews limited depending on the zone in which they participate in the game:

• 3 hints if the player is in the area that suits you.
• 2 hints if the player is in another area.
  

What you should know and do coach

FOOTBALL PLAYERS UP TO 10-12 YEARS

CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN	WHAT SHOULD THE COACH DO?
1. the potential of children and girls up to age 10, is more similar than different.	1 leave the children and girls train and compete together, since both benefit from it.
2. children of this evolutionary phase are highly motivated and enthusiastic, and they love to be active all the time.	2 maintaining motivation through a variety of exercises and games. Avoid queues and exercises in which the child is static long. Listen to what they say children during practices.
3. they are usually self-centered and likes to have the ball the maximum time possible. Worry about yourself to others.	3 have enough balls and organize competitions, to take advantage of his egocentric behavior. Propose fair play.
4. still lack a good technique and a good level of coordinative ability. Frequently, they do not understand their task both in attack and in defence.	4 allow so much time to learning the techniques to understand what to do and when.
5 everybody loves scoring goals. You have skills in shot on goal motivates them and gives them confidence.	5 you must practice frequently games simplified 2 x 2 and 3 x 3, as well as mini soccer to all children often touch the ball and mark goals.
6. your attention span is very limited, they are not trained to assimilate much information.	6 Insert multipurpose or multilateral soccer practice games. Not to mention much, is better to show.
7. only are beginning to learn r, how to cooperate with others (team play).	7. Select games in which cooperation is indispensable to win (mini soccer).
8. they have no very clear the ideal model of game or a technical gesture.	8 demonstrate repeatedly how to do so and present models appropriate for their age.
9. they are very sensitive to criticism.	9 it must always be positive, praising the effort and the progress of the children.
10 they are very tolerant to changes in temperature.	10. make their dress is adequate and that there is enough time to regain lost fluid.

COMPARISON BETWEEN YOUNG SOCCER AND ADULT SOCCER

GRASSROOTS FOOTBALL	ADULT SOCCER
Objective: Training of young footballers	Objective: Performance (result)
It is a recreational and sport activity	It is a sport
It is through teaching sessions	It is through the training sessions
With the presence of an educator	Directed with the presence of a trainer
It is taught through played forms, that induce to progress.	Is taught through analytical forms, they induce an increase in performance
Structures adapted to the age of the young (ball, goals, dimensions and number of players)	Unique and standardized structure

Physical preparation

Physical preparation considered to be one of the most important determining factors in the stages of formation of the athlete. It is one of the aspects to keep in mind in the development of football players. For this reason, López Bedoya, en Blázquez, 1995 considers early physical training as the process of developing the basic athletic motor skills of child. In correspondence with her psycho-biological development and during her sensitive phases.

An ideal level of physical condition will ensure all levels of development:

• Enhanced learning, assimilation and  technical improvement will endorse the safety of the     player in terms of their actions and confidence.      
• Efficacy in technical solutions.
• Capacity to impose technical and tactical decisions.
• Psychological and physical exercise tolerance.

Physical activity at recreational levels is an essential element for general sports preparation, where specificity isn´t required till an advanced level of performance. The physical activity preparation in the recreational phase requires an educational approach besides the scope of the group (federated teams, recreational preparation and physical activity lesson).